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Amasakhiwo amaphandle asemanqaku ziye zaba yizinto ezingaxoxwa ngazo zabahambi abafuna ukuzijabulisa ababhekana nokungaqondakali kwemvelo. Lezi zikhumulo ezikhethekile zihlanganisa ukuqina okuqinile nezindonga ezingangenwa umswakama ezigcina imishini ebalulekile yomile phakathi nezimvula ezinamandla, ukuwela imifula nezindawo ezinomswakama zasehlathini. Ngokungafani nezikhwama zokuhamba ezivamile, izikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle zigcina izimfanelo zazo zokuzivikela ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa nokuziphatha okubi phakathi nohambo olunemisebenzi eminingi. Abafuna ukuzijabulisa kuyo yonke imikhakha - kusukela kwabahamba ezintabeni kuya kwabahlola amahlathi - bathembela ezikhwameni ezingagugi amanzi ukuze bavikele izinto zobuchwepheshe, izimpahla zezokwelapha nezingubo ezomile lapho besendlini izimpahla ngeke iphumelele. Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinto zokwakha nezici zokwakha ezisezikhwameni ezingangeni manzi zangaphandle ezinekhwalithi inikeza ukuthula kwengqondo okuvumela abahambi ukuba bazinikele ngokugcwele ekuzijabuliseni kwabo kunokuba bakhathazeke ngokuvikelwa kwezinto zokuhamba.
Yini eyenza izikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi zikhuthazelele izimo ezibhubhisa imithwalo evamile? Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bezindwangu obufana nezindwangu ze-TPU ezihlanganisiwe nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe zakha izithiyo ezingangenwa imvula evundlile nokuntywila ngengozi. Izikhwama eziphakeme ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle zivame ukudlula amazinga okuvikela amanzi e-IPX7, okusho ukuthi zingakwazi ukuphila uma zingcwiliswa emanzini amamitha angu-30 imizuzu engu-30. Izinhlobo eziningi zezikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi ezihlolwayo zinama-snow lock nama-storm flap anikeza isivikelo esengeziwe phakathi nesiphepho noma imvula eshisayo. Lezi zinto eziqinile zokuvikela ziqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sakho sangaphandle esingangenwa amanzi sigcina ingaphakathi laso lomile lapho usidinga kakhulu - lapho isimo sezulu singazelelwe ezindaweni ezikude.
Izikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle ziyivikela kanjani impahla yazo emswakeni ngisho noma ingangeni manzi? Izimpawu ezivaleka umoya ezikhwameni zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi zivimbela umoya omanzi ukuba ungene futhi uvale izindawo ezipholile. Imiklamo eminingi yezikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle ifaka ama-liner noma ama-silica gel pockets angena manzi alawula amazinga omswakama wangaphakathi. Ezinye zinama-membrane angangenwa amanzi avumela umusi ukuba uphume kuyilapho uvimbela amanzi ukuba angangeni - okubalulekile ohambweni lwezinsuku eziningi lapho umswakama obambekile ungalimaza khona imishini ebucayi. Lezi zakhiwo zokulawula isimo sezulu zenza izikhwama ezingagugi emanzini zangaphandle zibe ezikahle kakhulu lapho kuhanjwa khona ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene lapho izinga lokushisa nomswakama kuhluka kakhulu.
Iziphi izinto ezakha izikhwama ezingagugi emanzini ezingaphandle ukuze zikwazi ukusinda lapho zisetshenziswa kanzima? Izindwangu ezisindayo ezinjenge-nylon engu-1000D enezikhala zokucindezela eziqinisiwe ziyamelana nokugqwala ngamatshe, iqhwa, nezimoto zokuhamba ezingakhululekile. Amamodeli esikhwama esingavinjelwa amanzi esingaphandle avame ukuba nezisekelo ezivikelayo ezenziwe ngerabha eziphikisana nokugqoka lapho zibekwe ezindaweni ezihlabayo. Eziningi zifaka izintambo ezihlanganisiwe kuzo zonke izindawo zokuthwala umthwalo ezivimbela ukonakala kwe-seam lapho isetshenziswa kanzima. Lezi zici zokwakha eziqinile ziqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sakho sangaphandle esingangenwa amanzi siyakwazi ukusinda ezimweni ezibuhlungu zokuhamba endaweni yokuhluleka lapho usekude kakhulu nezindlela zokufaka ezinye.
Izikhwama ezingavumeli amanzi ngaphandle ziyivikela kanjani imishini ecashile phakathi nohambo oluneziyaluyalu? Amapaneli enziwe ngenjoloba kanye nezindawo ezifakwe ama-polder zenza izinto zikagesi nezokukhanya zingawi futhi zingashayi. Imiklamo eminingi yezikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle ifaka izihlukanisi ezenziwe ngezifiso ezivimbela igiya ekuguquleni nasekushayisaneni ngesikhathi sokuhamba okuqinile. Ezinye zinezinhlaka eziqinile noma ezakhiwe kancane ezivikela izikhala zomoya ezizungeze izinto ezibucayi. Lezi zimfanelo ezinciphisa umthelela zenza izikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi zibe ezikahle zokuthutha amakhamera, ama-drone, nemishini yesayensi ezindaweni ezinzima lapho ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela kungenakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Yini eyenza izikhwama ezingagxili emanzini zangaphandle zisebenze kahle ezindaweni ezingenawo amanzi, emahlathini nasezindaweni eziphakeme? Imiklamo ye-modular iyazivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuvikelwa. Izinhlobo eziningi zezikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle zinamasongo okuhlukanisa asusekayo ezindaweni ezibandayo namapaneli okuphefumula okusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ezinye zifaka izinhlelo zokuthwala ezishintshashintshayo phakathi isikhwama futhi izakhiwo ze-duffel njengoba kudingeka. Lokhu kuvumelanisa nezimo kusho ukuthi isikhwama sakho sangaphandle esingangenwa amanzi sihlala sisebenza kuzo zonke izinyathelo zokuzijabulisa ezingaba ukuhamba ngendiza, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, nemidlalo yamanzi ngokulandelana okusheshayo.
Izikhwama ezingagxili emanzini zangaphandle zisiza kanjani ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo ezithile zokuhamba? Izinhlobo zokudonsa amanzi amhlophe zihlanganisa amaphuzu okuxhuma ukuze kuvikeleke ukubanjwa kwawo futhi zibe nemibala egqamile ukuze kubonakale uma kulahleka. Izikhwama ezingagugi zamanzi zangaphandle ezihloselwe ukugibela izintaba ngokuvamile zinama-ice axe loops nezinhlelo zokuthwala iziqhingi. Izinguqulo zokuhlola i-jungle zingase zibe nokwelashwa okulwa namagciwane nokuvalwa okungangeni zinyoka. Lezi zinguquko eziqondene nomsebenzi ziqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sakho esingagugi amanzi ngaphandle asinikezi nje ukuvikelwa okujwayelekile kodwa sisekela ngokuqondile izidingo zakho ezithile zokuzijabulisa.
Izikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle zikwenza kanjani kube lula ukuphatha imishini yasendle? Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto ngendlela enengqondo kwenza izinto ezibalulekile zifinyeleleke ngaphandle kokuveza konke ezintweni. Imiklamo eminingi yezikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa ngamanzi inezikhwama ezomile ezinemibala ngaphakathi kwesigxobo esikhulu sokuhlukanisa ngokuhlelekile izigaba zamagiya. Ezinye zihlanganisa izikhwama zamamephu ezibonakalayo noma izikhonkwane zangaphandle zokufinyelela okusheshayo zezinto ezidingwa njalo. Lezi zici ezihlakaniphile zokuhlela ziba usizo olukhulu lapho kudingeka uthole ngokushesha izibani eziphambili, amakhithi ezisizo lokuqala noma izingcingo zesathelayithi lapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo noma lapho izimo zishintsha ngokushesha.
Iziphi izinto ezintsha ezenziwa uhlelo lokuthwala ezenza izikhwama ezingagqwali emanzini zilungele ukuhamba isikhathi eside? Imiklamo yezibopho ezisebenza kahle isakaza isisindo ngendlela ephumelelayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhathala phakathi nokuhamba izinsuku eziningi. Amamodeli esikhwama sangaphandle esingangeni manzi avame ukufaka amabhande entamo adlulisa umthwalo namabhande esifuba alungisekayo enza kube lula ukuhambisana nezinhlobo zomzimba ezahlukene. Ezinye zinamasistimu amasha okuxegisa agcina umoya ugeleza phakathi kwesikhwama nomhlane wakho lapho uhamba emahlathini. Lezi zimo zokuphatha zenza ukuba isikhwama sakho esingagugi emanzini ngaphandle sikhulise ukuhamba kwakho kunokuba sikuthikameze lapho uhamba ngezinyawo.
Izikhwama ezingavumeli amanzi ngaphandle zizivikela kanjani izinto eziyigugu phakathi nezinkathi zokuhamba emadolobheni? Imiklamo eqondayo igwema ukufaka uphawu olubonakalayo olungase ludonsele ukunakwa okungadingekile emadolobheni asathuthuka. Izinhlobo eziningi zezikhwama ezingagqwali ngaphandle zinezipikili ezivaliwe, izindwangu ezingamelana nokugqwala, namapokhethi angaphakathi afihliwe. Ezinye zinama-RFID-blocking compartments avimbela ukweba imininingwane yephasiphothi nekhadi lesikweletu. Lezi zinguquko zokuphepha zenza izikhwama ezingagugi emanzini zangaphandle zibe ezikahle kakhulu lapho usendleleni eya endaweni eyimfihlo noma edolobheni.
Iziphi izici zokuphepha ezenziwa izikhwama ezingagxili emanzini ngaphandle ezimweni ezibucayi? Ezinye izinhlobo zezindiza zihlanganisa izintambo ezifakwayo ezifaka umtshingo, amabhakede okugcina amanzi okuphuthumayo, namapaneli okubonisa ukukhanya. Imiklamo eminingi yezikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle inikeza izindawo zokunamathisela amabhakoni okuhlonza umuntu noma ama-transceivers e-avalanche. Lezi zindlela zokubambisana ezingase zisindise ukuphila zibonisa indlela izikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi ezicabangela ngayo izidingo ezingaphezu kokuvikelwa kwezinto ezivamile lapho izinto zenzeka ngendlela engalindelekile.
Kungani abahloli bamazwe abanolwazi bebeka phambili izinga emasakeni angangenwa amanzi? Izinto eziphakeme kanye nobuciko obuhle kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile uhambo ngalunye. Amabhokisi amaningi angangenwa amanzi angenawo amanzi anikeza isiqinisekiso sokuphila konke esihlanganisa ukulungiswa kwezingxenye ezigugile. Isikhathi sokuphila esengeziwe sesikhwama esingacwiliswa amanzi esingaphandle esiphakeme ngokuvamile sisenza sibe nemali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunokushintsha njalo ngonyaka izinto ezishibhile. Lokhu kuthembeka kubaluleke kakhulu lapho isikhwama sakho kumelwe sisebenze ngendlela engenaphutha ezindaweni lapho ukwehluleka kungase kube nemiphumela emibi.
Izikhwama ezingagugi emanzini zingaqhubeka kanjani zisiza njengoba izindlela zokuzijabulisa zishintsha? Imiklamo ye-modular ivumela ubuchwepheshe obusha bemishini kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu ezishintshayo. Izinhlelo eziningi zezikhwama ezingagcini amanzi ngaphandle zinikeza amandla akhulisekayo, amapokhethi angashintshwa, nezindawo zangaphakathi ezilungisekayo ezivumelana nemithwalo ehlukene yamagiya. Lokhu kuguquguquka okucabangayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi imali oyitshala esikhwameni sakho esingagugi amanzi esiphuma ngaphandle iyaqhubeka iletha inani njengoba ukuzijabulisa kwakho kuqhubeka eminyakeni edlule.
Ngokuqinisekile. Izinhlobo eziningi zezikhwama zangaphandle ezingangenwa amanzi zihlangabezana nemikhawulo yobukhulu besikhwama futhi zinikeza ukuvikelwa okuphakeme ekuphatheni impahla enzima uma kuqhathaniswa nemithwalo evamile. Ezinye zize zibe namabhande esikhwama somhlane asusekayo aguqula isikhwama sibe imoto ebhukelwe uma kudingeka.
Iningi lidinga nje ukufakwa kweshubhu bese lomiswa emoyeni. Ukuze ugweme ukungcola okuqinile, sebenzisa insipho emnene nebhulashi elithambile, ugweme izinto eziqinile ezihlanza izinto ezivikela amanzi. Qiniseka ukuthi zonke izivalo zomile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokugcinwa ukuze ugweme isikhunta esikhwameni sakho sangaphandle esingavumeli manzi.
Yebo, amamodeli amaningi anezindawo ezivalekile ukuze kungabi khona ukubanda nezembozo ezikhethekile ezivimbela iqhwa ukuba lingakhuli. Bheka izici eziqondene nesimo sezulu esibandayo njengeziphu ezingangeni iqhwa lapho ukhetha isikhwama esingafaki manzi esizosetshenziswa ebusika.
Umthamo wamalitha angu-40 kuya kwangu-60 uvumelana nezimo eziningi zokuzijabulisa zezinsuku eziningi. Izikhwama ezincane ezingangenwa amanzi ezingamamitha angu-20-30 zisebenza ngezinsuku zokuhamba, kuyilapho amamodeli angama-70+ amalitha ahlala ezindaweni ezinde. Cabanga ngokupakisha zonke izinto zakho ebhokisini elihambisana nosayizi wesikhwama esingavinjelwa amanzi ngaphambi kokuthenga.
