EN
Kwisigodla sokugcina umlomo, amasethi "akukho umoya wamanzini" kunye ne"kuzobuyela umoya wamanzini" zisetyenziswe ngokushesha, kodwa zibonisa izimbongi ezidingekileyo kwisebe somphumelelo. Isikhwama sokugcina esiqinisekisiwe akukho umoya wamanzini siyiphihliso elikhulu lokuhlola ukuthi ayisho angaphansi kumanye amanhloko, ukuze akubheke amanzini aphoqweni, lokhu kungcono ngezilimi ezincane ezifaneleyo nokuphuma kumazibuko eziphumayo. Ngokwesono, iinkunku zeqhutyeni zihamba ngokulandelayo njengesi IPX ukusetyenziswa ukukholela lembophumelelo yokuthi amanzini abangaphelele. Njengesinye, isikhwama sokugcina esihle sesihlanganisiwe ngesi IPX esihle, njengesi IPX7, siphumelela ukufika kwamanzi ngemvula wesizini wesithathu nokudala okudingekileyo. Ukusebenzisa ngokukhetha phakathi kokho, faka izinsuku zokugcina. Isikhwama sokugcina esiqinisekisiwe akukho umoya wamanzini kukholela ukuthi amagreyi akabheke amanzini ngempilo yemanzini okanye ukuthi akuyisizo lomoya wamanzini, ngakho kulandelwa ukuthi amagreyi akabheke amanzini ngempilo yesikhatsi samanzini esingabi okanye umoya wamanzini.
Ukuhlola amaphetha ngokulandelayo yini loluhlelo lokuhlola ukuthi umlomo wokuhamba kwezulu angithumele amalayithi apha. Lolu hlobo lwe technology lunikeza amaphetha ngamagama njenge thermal welding okanye ukuhlola kwe tape ukusuka ukusebenzisa izinca zasebenzi ukusuka ukuba amanzi angahamba ngaphandle komlomo wokushesha. Izibuziso zomdabu zisenzela ukuthi i-backpack elihlolwe amaphetha sikhona kakhulu lokuhlala phakathi kwabantu, ngisho ngokubhekisiswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezinathengi amanzi. Ukudinga zikhwalekile kakhulu emidwayedweni akhona ngaphandle komlomo we-backpack engavunyelwe, okungafanelela imigomo ngaphandle kokuthi kube ngenxa yokuhlala ekupheleni. Ngokuyenza ukukhupha kwisebe selihlolwe amaphetha, abantu abahamba kwezulu bazothola isebenziso esilungileyo ngaphandle komanzini ukusuka ukuba amagomo akanye nezinye izinto zazohlola nokuhlala ndlela edlule.
Ukuthula okusebenzayo kwezilondolozi zokuhlala ezindabeni zokuphepha amanzi ngokushesha yicala lokugcina iziphumo somanzini, esikhethela ukungavalelani amanzi. Lomculo uhlala ngokusebenza ngenqanawe yokugcina amaphatho apho amaphatho angcwalisiswa, iphawu elihle lapho leyiyo, ngokusebenzisa imibiko emidliwayo njenge-thermal welding okanye tape sealing. Abesi ababili babekho bafanele; i-thermal welding ibenze ukubuyisela amanhloko ngokusebenzisa umoya, kunye no-tape sealing okufakamana i-tape yesiphepho somanzini ukubuyise amaphatho. Ngokwesikhashana sasebenzisi, izilondolozi zokuhlala ezinikezeliweyo ngenqanawe yokugcina amanzini zingabonga ngokupheleleyo kakhulu phakathi komanzini kunye neziphumo ezinikelweyo. Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu phakathi komahlaleli abazama ukusuka ngeminyaka engaphezulu ekhona ukukhombisa amanzi okanye ukusuka ngendaweni engaphumeleleyo amanzi. Iindlela zokunyusa amanzini apho amaphatho angenziwe ngokusebenzela kwezilondolozi ezinikezeliweyo ngenqanawe yokugcina amanzini zingacabanga kakhulu, uzokusure kamane lokho ukuba umsebenzi wakho uvumelane ngokulandelayo ngokuthi umdlalo wakho wagcine amanzi ngazo zonke izinto ezingasusiweyo. Lokhiwo lokusebenza kuhluke kakhulu phakathi komahlaleli abazama ukusuka ngokubukeka ukusuka ngendaweni engaphezulu ekhona ukukhombisa amanzi okanye ukusuka ngendaweni engaqondileleyo ukudibanisa izinto ezinikezeliweyo.
Kunenkinga elikhulu leGore-Tex ngokwesibini esikhehle sisebenza njengezinto elikhulu lokusebenzela amagaba amacayishoni ngenxa yobungakanani bokuphuma kumoya nokufakelwa kwemanzini. Lokhu kuvumelela ukuba kube ngokulandelayo imateriale efanelekayo kubheka amabhakaphe, futhi ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuthi amanhloko aziphathe izinyathu, uzame ukusuka kwezinyathu ezifanayo. Ngokugcineni, u-ePE (expanded polyethylene) usetyenziswa ngokubanzi okanye ngokwesikhatsi esingabafundisi babo ngokwesigodlo sokuhlola nokuthi ubuhle bendawo bakho abangaphambili. Ukuphila komsebenzi waseGore-Tex kunjalo kusukelela ngokubalulekileyo kanye nokuthi ubungakanani bokuphuma kumoya nokufakelwa kwemanzini. Oku kungavakasha ukuthi amabhabha angaphambili ayihlobene nokuthi akhethwe ngokubalulekileyo ngokuthi ubungakanani bokuphuma kumoya nokufakelwa kwemanzini. Izinhlangano zokusetyenziswa eziphi zizohlola ukuthi amabhabha amabili amahleli amandla ngokuthi amashumi amabili amazange amakhethwe ngokubalulekileyo ngaphandle kokuthi uGore-Tex ungene ngokubalulekileyo ngokuthi ubungakanani bokuphuma kumoya nokufakelwa kwemanzini.
Iimbhako zethupha lethupha leTPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) zingabheka ukuthi zihlabeleke amashumi abangaphambili ngokusebenzisa umbhako ohluphileyo, okuvunyelwe kumoya. Le mbhako ifanele yayo kwiibekisithi ezidingekayo lokuhlala eside esizoba ukuhlaba kakhulu ngezilwandle okanye izindiza. Umbhali wemvume wehlathi, okulandelayo ukukhombisa umlando wokuhlabeleka kwesilwandle, uhlanganiswa ngokushintsha ukusetyenziswa kwesilwandle esinamandla. Ngokugcina, iindlela ezicacileyo zibezeleleyo imvume wehlathi wakho ukukhombisa ukuthi ibekisithi bakho bahlale kakhulu phambi komoya wesilwandle sesikhombisiweyo. Lolu hlobo lomvume wamandla wakhiwo ukubonisa ukungaba ngcono ukubona ukuthi amandla anguqondiwe ngalolu hlobo lokuhlabeleka. Ngakho ke, xa uvuleka ibekisithi elihlabelekiweyo, kufanele usenze lohlobo lomvume ngoba siphinde sifaka isenzo sokusebenza phambi komoya wesilwandle esidingekayo.
Amabheki amaphupha ezinamandla kakhulu lokusebenza ngemibuzo engakho esikhatsi, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingasusiweyo. Amamateretha aphantsi angenziwe ukuhlala ngempumelelo yokuhlola nokuhamba ngokukhathalelwa. Amamateretha akhangele izinkinga ngekhono nokuhlola, futhi azifumanisa umoya wendlovu okufanele. Abantu abahlinzekile bafuna ukulungiselela ngezinkinga nezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa kwezinto zakho. Ngokushesha, amamateretha amaphantsi angiphumelela izinkinga eziningi lapho amanayoni amaphupha aziphumelela ukusuka kwezilimi, apho ipholisetela inqanawa engekho emazipheni. Le ndlela yokugcina kuhlanganisa amanye amagama amaphupha akhangele amagama amaphupha amaphantsi amaphumelela ukusetyenziswa kwabantu abafuna amagreyi amandla kakhulu ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezinamandla kakhulu.
Amameme yokuqala ngokulandelana ngezilimi ezikhishwe kakhulu ngaphakathi kwebhedi, okungafanele ukubonisa imibhalo. Umthombo omphakathi wokuqala wesiqephu sengxenyeni lwenqanawe yesiHlangothi lokuhlola lokho. Amathili amahluke amalindelise lokho ngokufinyelela umoya omkhulu ukuya kwindawo esingabangako amanzi nokufaka amanzi. Izigaba zihlanganiswe ngazo zikhupha ukuhlolwa olukhulu lokuncedisiyo ngokugcina isiqephu sesihlanu, esizidinga ukuthi uhlobo lwesiqephu selibe ngendlela eliphakathi. Ngokushesha lokho, lezi zinto zikuhlangene ukuthi imibhalo yakho yazibuyiswe kanye nokuba zikhona ngokwesigaba esikhishwe kakhulu, ukudibanisa izindlela zokuhlola kokuthi uzohamba.
Amameme ahlukene nokuthi amandla amanye amabili, akhetha indlela yokuhlola phakathi komsebenzi wokuthola amagugu emibhedini, ukusureka ukusetyenziswa nokuhlola kuzo kuzo.
Amabhakapheki esibomvu kwayesiqephu zihlukele kakhulu kumahlaleli okufuneka abe ngenhla nokuthiwe ngendlela emva kokuhlala kwabo. Izikhatsi ezilandelana neminyaka engu-1.5 zinikezela amanye amagama njenge-Granite Gear Blaze 60 ezinikezela udlambo olungapheli lokulandela ukusuka nokuphuma ekugcineni kunye nokuhlukene kwezindlu zokusebenza. Abanye abasebenzisa amabhakapheki akhawulezi akhithetha ngokubangako izidingo eziphumayo ngokwesikhatsi sokuthiwe ngendlela, uzokususa umculo wokuthiwe ngokucabanga kuzo.
Abaphi esizenzela amakhosi amaningi lokuhlala, izicatelo zokuphakamisa ezikhutsuli kakhulu ezifanele. Ngenqanawe yezinkomo ngalinye ilitha le-60, lezicatelo zingabikha ukuthi abasebenzi bakwesihlalo baziphumelele ukuhlala ngeemvelo engcono emasipheni. Izinqumo noma ukungavunyelwa ngeemvulamlomo, amaxhovhe amaningi, kunye neentshaba yenkqubo yokukhombisa, zisetyenziswa ukuba lezicatelo zibaleke imigomo eyahlukileyo kweendlela ezidingekayo. Izigaba zithetha ukuthi uphawu olungaphambili olusebenza nokubeka okuncedisiwe kweemvelo, esisebenzisa lemininingwane, singacabanga isenzo sokugcina umsebenzi wokuqhuma kakhulu kwisebenzi esilandelwayo, futhi lezicatelo zibe ngokwesikhatsi sokuqala kubantu abahlinzekile abasebenza.
Amastayithi amahhadi asemandla ngezinto eziphakeme zokuphakamisa kwiindlebe yobhakapaki yeziqoqi ezilungileyo okulandelwa ngokushesha. Amastayithi amahhadi, ababekhulu ngokuthi bayenziwe ngendlela esingaphambili lokusebenzela iibhakapaki. Ngokugcina, amabhendi bahlala ngokukhangelwa ngokuthi babekho amandla akhe kusebenzela ukuphakamiswa kwesiQoqi seziqoqi. Ngenkcazo yokusetyenziswa, sifika ukuthi izimvume zihlaba; amastayithi amahhadi zizivumelwe ngokuthi zikhona isenzo sokufinyelela ngokushesha kwiinkcubeko zakuhhadi ezindaweni ezinomsindo, xa kunye namabhendi abangasebenza ngokuthi babekho umandla okuphambili lokuphakamiswa, njengoku kuhlala ngokushesha emibeni.
Amabhacaphi eziqondisiwe ngamagama okuvamileyo olungakhululekile kuholwa abasebenzela amadabula obangaphakathi ukuthola uhlelo olunovuli, lokhu kusetshenziswa ukusukumisa umthetho wesiqhelo esingafanele. Izidingo ezilungile zikhona ngeemphandlanyo ezinamandla ezincinci ezincedise izinyathelo zokusebenza kusendaweni sokuhlala kanye nokuhlala ekupheleni. Iindlela zakufunda zifuneka ukubonisa ukuthi abahamba babephila iimpahla lezi khona lapho bavumelela ukusuka emizweni yobhaliso kusukela kwezindlu zophandle komhlaba. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinhlelo zezibhacaphi ezithile zikhuluma nokuthi zihlabeleka ukusukumisa izimbongolo ezikhulu ezikhethekile kwiimigomo engaphezulu, ukushoqosha ukuthi zihlabeleka ukusukumisa izinsiza ezimbili ngokwesiphumo sabo.
Ukukhuluma ngenqanawe kuyahlukele ukuthi uzame ukungena okuhlinzekelayo nokusebenza kakhulu kwezicatshulwa ezinomsindo. Ukubheka ngokuphiindleko kufanele lapho uzama ukususa amagunyazwe apha-apha okuthathwe njengamanje ukuze angasusiwe izicatshulwa zokungena. I-Durable Water Repellent (DWR) zikhupha indlela yokuhlola ukuthi i-backpack yakho ayisusiwe yezinto ezingamutsheleleyo. Le ndlela lingakwenziwa ngemva kokucabanga lokugcina ukungene. Abasebenzisi abahlala bayazi ukuthi isivumelwano sokuqaphepha kwe-DWR kufanele sihluleke ngokwesiphumo esilandelwayo—izindawo ezinomoya omphulo okanye ezintathu zihlabelele zifanele zisebenzise ukususa ngokukhona ukuthi i-backpack yakho ikhona ngokulandelayo.
Ukukhutshela amanqaku encane neziphumo zemibuyelo kwi-backpack yokuqinisekisa amandla nokuhlola kwesikhashana. Izindlela ezifakelwayo, ngokushesha, njengama-patching kits naseam sealers, zikhona kanye nezinkinga lokulandelwa ukufinyelela izidingo ezincane. Ukukhutshela ngemuva kuhlukelelo lokuthi uqhumele i-deterioration okungabonakali lokusebenza ukwenqaniswa we-waterproofing. Iisitayisithi sikubiza ukuthi ibackpack ezihlinzekileyo zizama ukusukelela kakhulu phakathi kwabo abaningiweyo ngokwesikhashana nokuhlola. Ngokufika ukukhutshela amanqaku encane neziphumo, ungafaka ukuthi ibackpack yakho yazimele ukuba umngane othuthukise kumgomo wakho.
Amasiko amaphumelelwa kuhlu kuhlula ukuthi lokho liphakeme ngokupheleleyo. Usafuneka ushaya ukulawulwa ngemvula okanye izindawo zokungaphakamisane, ngoba lezi zikhonziswa isiqephu esikhathe sikhulu. Kuningi ukuthi uvale amabhethi akho ukuze angaqinisekise ngaphandle komoya, noma ukusuka umthwalo wokuhlala, noma ukubuyiselwa kwesibhidvo nokumyama. Amagcinisi amakhulu azihlanganisa ukuthi kuhlula ngokukhangelwe kuhlu kuhlula ukuthi lokho liphakeme ngokupheleleyo. Ngokufaka amasiko amaphumelelwa kuhlu kuhlula, uvulela ukuthi umphandla wakho wahlinzekile, ukuze uhlobene ngezinto ezininzi lokuhlala.
Ukufunda ukuthi ngalokuphi udinga ukususa iphakethi lethunya elibomvu yinhlangano yokuhlala kuhlu kungabangako lokulandelana ngezikhathi ezidingayo. Amahlosti wamanje wamaphandle, amaphetheleli akwazi ukwenza imphilo yesithunya esebenzayo, okanye amaphrofesi amancane eziphumela zindwendwe zingazixhasa ukuthi umthombo wesihlanu wakusebenza. Izidingo zombuso zivariye ngokubhedliseleyo kwezinye izinto njengemali othile, isiphumo sokuqhubeka nokugcina. Abahlali bafundelana amakhononi okanye izinambuzo ezifundekelayo ezikhethela amaphephandaba angaphambi kokuthi zibeke izindlela zokususa. Ngokubheka phakathi kwesikhwama sokuthola ukuthi umthombo wakho ubenza ngempumelelo, uzokusukela ukuthi umgomo wakho usasebenze ngempumelelo nokuthi ungenzi ukuhlala kuhlu.
